By Joe Tilly

Adults are often unaware of bullying behaviour in schools and classrooms. Subtle, unkind behaviours can easily go unnoticed by teachers. Preventing bullying in schools can happen when the problem is addressed from many angles. Approaches are most effective when the entire school community is involved in creating a culture of respect while developing strong, positive relationships. And it all begins with awareness.

How aware are you of behaviours and factors that can lead to bullying? Here are five steps you can take to prevent bullying from starting.

1. Focus on the small stuff.
Catch small behaviours, and they won’t have the chance to grow into bullying. When subtle acts of aggression go unchecked, they grow to become the accepted mode of interaction. You might not be aware of small-scale behaviours such as:

• Rude comments made quietly to another classmate
• A quick kick in line when the teacher’s back is turned
• A note filled with disrespectful comments passed to a classmate

Hone your skills of noticing small, mean-spirited behaviours, and you will be stopping the gateway behaviours that lead to bullying.

2. Observe students’ interactions.
There are many moments during the school day that provide us opportunities to look for low-level behaviours that may lead to bullying, such as:

• Morning arrival time
• Lining up
• Passing time in the hallway
• Transitions
• Small group work
• Choice time
• Indoor recess

Even going a few minutes early to the cafeteria, a specialist class, or the outside recess area to pick up your students can provide time to watch and listen to students interact with each other. Look for who is in charge, who is included, and who is ignored. Are there students no one talks to? Students who are never invited to play or sit with others? Notice children’s words and tone. Is joking around followed by shared laughter, or is only the person who made the joke laughing? Assess what you are seeing and hearing so you can understand what it’s telling you about your students.

3. Consider stages of development.
Are the behaviours you are seeing and hearing in your students typical? A key is to look for equity. If a negative behaviour is equally expressed back and forth between two children, it’s probably not bullying. But if a child consistently receives negative comments from peers—told over and over that they can’t play, or often called mean names—then there’s an imbalance of power that could lead to bullying. Also, pay attention to children’s facial expressions and body language:

• Do they look friendly or sullen?
• Are children leaning into each other or pulling away?
• Is their posture open or closed?

4. Pay attention to children who might be targeted.
There are groups of children who are at risk for being targeted with bullying behaviour, such as:

• Children who don’t conform to gender stereotypes
• Students receiving special services
• Children from different economic levels

Keep an eye on vulnerable students and ensure that every student is being included and treated respectfully.

5. Pay attention to children who might engage in bullying behaviour.
Children such as those in the middle of a social hierarchy or those who are “popular” are at risk for engaging in bullying behaviours. Watch for children who are looking to gain and maintain social power. However, it’s important to not make assumptions. Any child may be targeted at any time. Watch objectively to clearly understand the behaviours you are seeing

Source: Responsive classroom